Bioprospecção de invertebrados marinhos exóticos e nativos de Arraial do Cabo: atividade anti-incrustante a anticâncer

Abstract

Marine invertebrates are a source of molecules that have differently ecological functions and unique complexity. Bioprospection aims to identify the application of those molecules and their isolation. Among these application s, molecules with antifouling and anticancer properties are goals on bioprospecting of natural products. The cytotoxic activity of these products is capable of inhibiting fouling organisms in a way less toxic to the environment compared to conventional pai nts . The same cytotoxicity can be used for the treatment of cancer, a disease that is most deadly in the world. T herefore , the present work aims to evaluate the antifouling and ant icancer potential of extracts of 6 marine invertebrates present in the regio n, 2 exotic invaders, 2 established exotic and 2 natives . For the evaluation of its antifouling activity, inhibition tests were carried out against five species of marine biofilm forming bacteria, promoting biofouling. For the antitumoral evaluation, the c ell viability of the T98G and U251 glioblastoma lines was analyzed by the acid phosphatase method in both monolayer and three - dimensional models. In addition, the morphology, cell cycle and percentage of cells in mitosis and apoptosis by immunofluorescence for each invertebrate were investigated. The species that be highlighted activity against bacteria were the Tubastraea coccinea and the Darwinella sp. For anti cancer evaluation, the most effective species were Didemnum sp., T. coccinea and Darwinella sp. Didemnum sp. was active against both strains in both cultivation models, whereas T. coccinea showed activity against both strains in a monolayer model and against T98G in a three - dimensional model. The IC 50 of the extracts was stipulated for a monolayer model at 120.6, 432.8 and 703.7 (μg / m L ) for the T98G strain on extracts of Didemnum sp., T . coccinea and Darwinella sp. respectively. For the U251 lineage was stipulated in 63.32, 317.2 and 882.4 (μg / ml) for Didemnum sp., T. coccinea and Darwinella sp. respectively. In addition, no toxic activity against a healthy human lineage for Didemnum sp., T. coccinea . It is concluded that Didemnum sp., T. coccinea are promising species for the development of biotechnological products.