Hipomineralização de molares e incisivos: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Molar-íncisor-hypomineralization is descríbed as the presence of demarcated opacities varying in color from creamy-whitish to yellow-brownish affecting first permanent molars often combined to permanent incisors also affected. When primary molars are affected, it is called Deciduous Molar hypomineralization. The hypomineralized enamel is fragile and might break predisposing to caries. The aim of the present paper was to review the literature about Molar-incisor-hypomineralization regarding its clinical and microstructure features, prevalence, etiological factors and clinical implications A search on PubMed database was done focused in publícatíons from 2001 on. That condítion ís relatively frequent worldwide with prevalence between 10 and 25% being reported in several countries. Perinatal problems, r:Mseases and antibiotics intake in the first years of life have been reported as possible causative factors, although íts etiology is stíll unclear. The presence of hypomineralization in primary molars has been considered an important predictor for the presence in permanent. Histologically, the enamel is highly porous, the prisms are disorganized and significant lower hardness values are observed in comparison to normal enamel. Restorative treatment of hypomineralized teeth is usually more complex because the enamel breakdown míght be extensive resulting in atypical restorations. Hypomineralized teeth can frequently be difficult to anesthetize due to hypersensitivity. Based on present review it was possible to conclude that hypomineralization represents a challenge to the clirícal pradice. Dental clinicians should be aware of all the clinical implications related to Molar-incisor hypomineralization in order to provide appropriate preventive and restorative treatment to the patients.