Prevalência de patologias ósseas orais diagnosticadas em uma população do Rio de Janeiro por meio de exames de imagem radiográfica

Abstract

This study observed the prevalence and location of osseous pathologies, correlating them with sex and age, using radiographic images of 155 patients, who sought the Radiology Service and Oral Stomatology and Bucal Patology of the Brazilian Navy?s Dental Center (Odontoclínica Central da Marinha) in Rio de Janeiro. Panoramic and periapical radiographs, cone beam (CBCT) and multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) of these patients were evaluated. Chi squared test, prevalence and ANOVA were perform, with a significance level of 5%. The sample consisted of 55.5% of women and 45.5% of men, with mean ages of 50 (± 1.8) and 39.1 (± 2.4) years, respectively. The most requested examination was the panoramic radiography (97.4%), followed by periapical (44.5%), CBCT (26.5%) and MSCT (14.2%). The most common pathologies were osseous dysplasias (28.4%), bone sclerosis (23.9%), benign tumors (23.9%) and cysts (14.8%). Most of the lesions were observed in the mandible (54.2%). The molars were the teeth most associated with the lesions (16.1%), followed by the incisors (11%) and premolars (7.1%). The prevalence ratio between the genders revealed that the cysts were approximately 2.5 times more common in men andthe dysplasias were 2.7 times more common in women. Patients who presented benign tumors (34.1 ± 2.6 years) were significantly younger than those with bone dysplasia (51.0 ± 2.3 years, p <0.0001) or bone sclerosis (48.1 ± 3.2 years, p = 0.0006). Thus, the sex and age of the patients influenced the type of lesion, but not its location.