Marinha do Brasil no enfrentamento ao narcotráfico : criminologia na repressão do mercado ilícito da cocaína

Abstract

This study examines the counternarcotics actions conducted by the Brazilian Navy (MB) in Brazilian Jurisdictional Waters and by the United States Coast Guard (USCG) in the jurisdictional area of the Joint Interagency Task Force South (JIATFS) between 2022 and 2023. The research is motivated by the need to enhance the effectiveness of counternarcotics actions in Latin America, grounded in Gary Stanley Becker's Economic Theory of Crime, which considers drug trafficking an illicit market governed by economic principles, and Geoffrey Till's Theory of Good Order at Sea, which highlights the role of navies in addressing maritime challenges.The methodology included bibliographic and documental research, interviews with specialists, and analysis of secondary data, given the challenges in accessing USCG documents. The objective was to analyze similarities and singularities in the actions of the MB and the USCG, identifying threats and opportunities to improve maritime protection against transnational crimes. The results revealed eight similarities, ten singularities, eleven opportunities, and one threat. The study concludes that the MB has the opportunity to strengthen the National Maritime Policy by allocating exceptional resources for subsidiary activities within the National Border Strategy; integrate maritime governance by inviting agency representatives to take on roles within the maritime security structure and conducting joint operations with geographically relevant countries in combating drug trafficking; and expand maritime situational awareness by establishing a maritime intelligence center for the South Atlantic with the participation of these countries' representatives. Finally, the study highlights the threat posed by clandestine cocaine trafficking through maritime access routes to the ports of Santos (SP) and Paranaguá (PR).