Modelo de Governança Socioambiental para a Estação Científica do Arquipélago de São Pedro e São Paulo: em prol de uma habitabilidade sustentável e semi autossuficiente

Abstract

ABSTRACT Socio-environmental Governance Model for the Scientific Station of the Archipelago of São Pedro and São Paulo: towards sustainable and semi-self-sufficient habitability In the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the United Nations called for the engagement of world leaders in the conscious and cordial use of the sea and its riches, thus granting the coastal state exclusive rights to exploit living and non-living natural resources in the Exclusive Economic Zone, with a view to mitigating future conflicts. The same Organization, in order to grant the Exclusive Economic Zone around the archipelagos, made only one requirement: that native people of the coastal state inhabit this archipelago and that the islands could provide natural resources that would guarantee the survival of the inhabitants. In the case of the Archipelago of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, according to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which deals with the “Regime of Islands”, which describes a difference between rocks and islands, this archipelago would not be considered an archipelago due to its rocky formation and lack of natural resources to guarantee the survival of human beings and the self-sufficiency required by the United Nations. For this reason, the archipelago would not be entitled to the Exclusive Economic Zone. In view of this scenario, this dissertation, which is linked to the field of maritime studies, and aims to present a socio- environmental governance model for the scientific station of the Archipelago of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, aims to meet the requirement of sustainable and semi-self-sufficient habitability as required by the UN. The methodology applied was a mix of methods, composed of technical procedures defined by execution stages. A theoretical survey, bibliographic analysis, technical photos and analysis of audiovisual material were used. The contribution of this dissertation was to present a socio-environmental governance model that seeks to comply with environmental laws and requirements of the United Nations, aiming at sustainable and semi-self-sufficient habitability on these rocky islands. The result delivered to Brazilians was a product that showed options for environmental equipment and ecological materials that could be used to generate, with technological innovation, some environmental resources that do not exist in the archipelago. These are: renewable energy, fresh drinking water, food grown on site, treatment of organic and inorganic waste, and materials for ecological civil construction, prioritizing the conservation of marine biodiversity.