Bioinvasão e água de lastro: introdução de espécies exóticas na hidrovia Paraguai-Paraná

Abstract

This paper aims to conduct a risk assessment and situation of exotic and pathogens invasion (consequences for the economy and environment) through the ballast water management and sediment from ships, as the global movement of water Ballast is, among many others, one the main vector transfer of such organisms today. According to estimates by IMO (International Maritime Organization), are transported three to five billion tons of water between the oceans of the world in ballast water per year. The conditions under which such transport is done not only allows water to be transported by ballast of ships, as well as a multitude of organisms that survive in the reservoirs, are shifted to other coastal environments it moves hemisphere. They were in this condition when Brazil started to have contact with the Golden Mussel. Bringing extensive damage, this clam has a direct impact on the ecosystem of the Paraguay-Paraná Waterway and other ecosystems of great connection regions of international trade. It is therefore relevant to have knowledge of national laws -20 NORMAN (Norma Maritime Authority) dealing withballast water management vessels in Brazilian waters -and international -International Convention for the Control and Management of Ballast Water and Sediment Ships -on the issue in order to understand the efforts of governments to combat this bioinvasion.