O Brasil no Mar: um panorama sobre as potenciais ameaças ao seu entorno estratégico e à Amazônia Azul

Abstract

The research that follows has as its theme the defense of the Blue Amazon. Having as a boundary that region and the Brazilian Strategic Environment in current times, it aims to present a perspective of the potential threats to the defense of the Blue Amazon, focusing on its main strategic resources, oil and maritime communication lines. To satisfy this condition, a simple case study was carried out with a deductive approach based on indirect documentation, which was accessed through documentary research and bibliographic review of primary and secondary sources. To support the analysis of the collected data, a combination of theorists was used, divided into two main blocks, one to guide maritime studies, where the main thinkers are Mahan and Corbett, and another for the analysis of risks, threats and vulnerabilities, where the principle of securitization proposed by Buzan, Wæver and Wilde (1998) prevails. Through this lens, the Brazilian Strategic Environment was first analyzed, defining it and establishing its geopolitical condition for Brazil, as well as its use by the country. Thus, some potential threats and vulnerabilities were identified, such as those linked to Brazilian foreign trade. Then the same procedure was done with the Blue Amazon. Considering both scenarios, it was concluded that there are no threats today either in the Blue Amazon or against it, with regard to exogenous threats to its defense. What does exist are potential threats which are, essentially, related to the existing vulnerabilities, the main one being the low maritime domain awareness