Segurança marítima: a importância da criação de uma organização regional de pesca no Atlântico Sudoeste

Abstract

Fish stocks are under increasing pressure in recent decades. About 90% of the fishing areas monitored by the FAO are overfished or are at full capacity. IUU fishing (illegal, unregulated and unregulated) directly contributes to this problem, as it constitutes one of the main obstacles to the natural replacement of the fish stocks. However, IUU fishing has been gaining greater prominence on the international stage, as it represents not only a threat to the environment, but also a significant threat to national, regional and global security. In view of the new dimensions of maritime security, some countries have included IUU fishing as a security issue in their Maritime Security Strategies. The Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs) emerged aiming to minimize the international fishery crisis. Thus, this report aims to analyze the importance of creating a RFMO for the Southwest Atlantic, considering that this region, comprising the coasts of Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina, corresponds to the few maritime areas on the globe that do not have a RFMO. This research sought to verify the hypothesis that the creation of a RFMO for the Southwest Atlantic, corresponds to the strategic interests of Brazil. With an exploratory objective, the methodological technique used in this research was bibliographical and documentary, complemented by interviews. Two professors selected for their specialization and professional performance were interviewed. With the results of the study was possible to identify the main reasons for the creation of the RFMO under discussion, as well as to collaborate with some general suggestions, that can contribute to the adoption of public policies by the Brazilian government