Possibilidades e limitações de emprego da guerra cibernética na MB: importância dos exercícios no espaço cibernético

Abstract

The wide spectrum of possible actions that can be employed in Cyberspace requires special attention to the security and defense of this domain. Accompanied by all the facilities and benefits, this environment if not protected, can be compromised by threats that seek and exploit, at all times, possible existing vulnerabilities. Thus, the protection of the Cyberspace and, in particular, of critical infrastructures of national interest interconnected in this space, is essential to ensure its effective use by society. The Cyber Space of the Brazilian Navy, composed of interconnected equipment in which its information assets are trafficked, is also considered a target for malicious actions of exploration and cyberattacks. Therefore, measures are needed that seek to increase the security of information systems and critical infrastructures of interest at national level and for the Navy. In this context, it was proposed to analyze the possible contributions of conducting defense exercises in Cyber Space held in other countries and within the Ministry of Defense, as well as verify their applicability to the Cyber Space of the Navy. The theoretical basis used for the research was consolidated in understanding the structure of the Brazilian cyber sector that materialized for the fulfillment of national strategic actions. In addition, the cyber exercises identified in the literature were analyzed and the close relationship of the exercise at the national level with the National Cyber Security Strategy standard, whose scope is the protection of critical national infrastructures, was observed. It was concluded that many countries had already been carrying out this type of exercise since Cyberspace was considered a strategic domain. An analysis of the exercises surveyed showed that they provided an opportunity to identify weaknesses and the need to improve the processes and procedures that had been implemented until then, as well as fostering a spirit of cooperation and integration among the participants. Nonetheless, it should be noted that the nationwide cyber exercises contributed to overcoming some of the challenges listed in the study, which could help strengthen the Brazilian Navy's Cyberspace Security and Cyber Defense.