A atuação da marinha do Brasil em contribuição à redução da pirataria e ao aumento da segurança Marítima no golfo da guiné: Uma análise bibliográfica e documental (2012-2023)

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study analyzes, from 2012 to 2023, the contribution of the Brazilian Navy to reducing piracy and strengthening maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea, a region of strategic importance for global trade and for Brazil. The research is justified by the need to evaluate the effectiveness of the actions carried out by the Brazilian Navy, as well as to understand the impact of these actions on maritime security in the region, which aims to defend national interests and strengthen cooperative relations with West African countries. The topic is relevant due to the growing threat posed by piracy, which compromises regional stability and the security of trade routes that pass through the Gulf of Guinea, which directly affects the global economy. The methodology used in this study is a bibliographic and documentary research, qualitative, descriptive in nature, and consisted of sources such as books, academic articles, theses, dissertations, and official documents related to maritime security and piracy in the Gulf of Guinea. The main results indicate that the actions of the Brazilian Navy have contributed to a significant reduction in piracy incidents in the region, especially since 2021, when Operation Guinex was launched. This operation, combined with participation in multinational initiatives such as Obangame Express and Grand African Nemo, have been fundamental to strengthening regional security and promoting greater international cooperation. In addition, training initiatives for African military personnel and support for the South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone have proven to be important elements in increasing the defense capabilities of local navies. However, despite these advances, the slight increase in piracy incidents in 2023 highlights the need for continued vigilance and constant adaptation of security strategies. The conclusion of this study highlighted the strategic importance of the Gulf of Guinea for Brazil, evidencing the significant contributions of the Brazilian Navy in reducing piracy, strengthening maritime security, and promoting international cooperation in the region over the last decade.