A crise em essequibo: perspectivas do conflito e possibilidades estratégicas para os interesses do Brasil e da Marinha do Brasil

Abstract

The dispute over the Essequibo territory, intensified by the discovery of oil off the coast of Guyana, involves complex historical, political, and economic interests. Guyana, with the support of the US, seeks to control the region rich in natural resources, while Venezuela sees annexing Essequibo as a way out of its crisis and a means to strengthen national cohesion. This situation attracts international geopolitical attention and concerns Brazil due to its strategic proximity to the Amazon. Comparing it with other territorial crises in Latin America, the importance of legal interventions and international mediation to prevent escalations is evident. In the case of Essequibo, a diplomatic solution is essential to promote regional stability. Brazil, given its strategic position, plays a crucial role in facilitating this process, requiring a robust diplomatic approach supported by Naval Power. The Brazilian Navy can act as a regional stabilizer, strengthening the country's ability to mediate crises like Essequibo. Naval Diplomacy, integrated into the guidelines of the National Defense Policy and the National Defense Strategy, is essential to ensure Brazil's sovereignty and territorial integrity, including the Blue Amazon. Strengthening the Brazilian Navy through acquisitions and technological developments also boosts the National Defense industry, fostering innovation and economic growth. Therefore, Naval Diplomacy is crucial to balance the display of strength with peace promotion, consolidating Brazil's regional leadership, its influence in international defense forums, and national interests.